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To Basics
Free
Training Course
Introduction
"It
is how well the eyewear makes contact with the Patient that
ultimately This Frame Fitting Course will cover the basic parts of the ophthalmic frame and summarize its various measurement criteria, as well as both horizontal and vertical lens decentration, the theoretical and actual minimum lens blank size based on pupillary distance and frame measurements along with required procedures for making hands-on, in place, on-the-face assessment and the all-important final-fitting frame adjustments. See course outline here. Some of the most common, and some of the more exotic frame materials will be covered in addition, with a brief mention of the general characteristics of each. Next, an outline of the various frame styles, and bridge and temple designs currently available with an emphasis on the importance of proper bridge and temple selection, using the shape of the face and head, placement of eyes and ears, and most importantly, the nature of the prescription as criteria. The last and most important item in this work, Final Fitting, will then be addressed with special emphasis on the necessity for the qualitative dispensing of prescription eyewear using direct, tactile, hands-on, in-place, on-the-face assessment and subsequent frame fitting techniques. See Custom Frame Fitting, Up Close and Personal. As indicated elsewhere, the Hands-on-the-Patient tactile assessment is one of the most important, yet least implemented aspects of today's Ophthalmic Dispensing. Although frame adjustment, especially the more subtle aspects, is an artful skill which must be acquired through practice and experience, this course presents some basic guidelines, which may be applied immediately. These will be covered only briefly along with a mention of the fitting triangle, the various frame tilts and face forms along with the reasons for applying them. A quick summary of the various types of frame fitting issues and their solutions is presented later. To those accustomed to working with ophthalmic terms, some of the points about to be covered may be familiar. This work, therefore, can be used as a simple review to ensure a better understanding of the subject. Abbreviations, Definitions, and Terms
Left
image, spherical lens with no cylinder.
An expanded definition as defined by the U.S. Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics: "Designs, measures, fits, and adapts lenses and frames according to written optical prescription or specifications; assists with selecting frames; measures for size of eyeglasses and coordinates frames with facial and eye measurements and optical prescriptions; prepares work order for optical laboratory containing instructions for grinding and mounting lenses in frames; verifies exactness of finished lens spectacles; adjusts frame and lens position to fit; shapes or reshapes frames. Includes contact lens Opticians." Note: "Of the over 67,000 Opticians designing, manufacturing and dispensing eyewear - less than half have any formal certification or licensure." U.S. Dept. of Labor See also Ophthalmic Dispensing, the Final Fitting, and our Consumer-Industry advisory at www.OpticianryReview.com.
Special Note: This level of craftsmanship can be accomplished only after a visual as well as a tactile, i.e., touch and feel, assessment of the frame, in-place, on the Patient, and requires the removal and re-placement of the eyewear directly on the Patient, BY THE OPTICIAN, as many times as necessary to complete the procedure. Unfortunately, many of today's Dispensers make no contact with either the Patient or their eyewear while in place, on-the-face, whereby it is impossible to make a significant assessment or subsequent multi-dimensional adjustments to the frame. This practice is akin to a Dentist making no direct contact with a Patient while attempting to fit dentures. Sadly, latter generation Dispensers give little or no attention to fitting a new frame after it arrives from the lab, presumably four-point inspected on a flat surface by the lab technicians. Just as in the case of fitting a set of dentures, a frame must ultimately be custom fitted to the variable dimensions of the Patient, not the one-dimensional surface of a flat table. The lab only zeroes-out any frame misalignment in lieu of anticipated adjustments by the Optician. Furthermore, a properly executed hands-on, in-place, on-the-face assessment, and frame fitting procedure requires not only appropriate communications between the Dispenser and the Patient, but some direct physical contact must occur as well. Again, a hands-on fitting involves the repeated removal and re-placement of the frame on and off the Patient by the Dispenser until such time as the fitting is completed, which depends of course on the experience of the Dispenser, any asymmetric features of the Patient, and the type and design of the eyewear. See example. The Dispenser cannot rush the procedure. Much time is actually saved in the long run when the fitting is done with sensitivity and patience whereby Patient return visits are minimized.
Note: Theoretically, the GCD may be calculated by adding the "A" measurement to the DBL. In practice, however, there are often differences in the actual measurements and those marked on the frame. An experienced Optician is capable of taking accurate measurements, and this skill plays an especially important roll as it relates to frame dimensions.
See Consumer Guide to optical terms.
The
following 10 items of equipment must be maintained in each office
in which an Optician practices Opticianry: Specific Authority 484.005(2) FS. Law Implemented 484.002(3), 484.005(2) FS. History -- New 12-6-79, Formerly 21P-10.07. Amended 5-31-87. Formerly 21P-10.007, 61G13-10.007, 59U-10.007. Amended 8-16-04. Click here for reference. Florida
State Board of Opticianry
The
Ophthalmic Frame
A
FRAME is that portion of a pair of spectacles designed to hold
the lenses in the proper position before the eyes. Although
ophthalmic frames come in a variety of styles, sizes,*
shapes, and colors, they usually have basic parts in common.
As illustrated above, the principal parts of a frame include
the front and the temples. TEMPLES can be divided into five basic categories:
*Special Note: Some of these styles may not be readily available due to the demise of multiple front, bridge, and temple sizes, which provided the Patient with made-to-fit options. See Part I, the previously mentioned, "Some Contributing Factors." It is especially appropriate to stress here that the Dispenser must fully disclose any adverse or ill-fitting qualities of any frame selected by the Patient, e.g., eyesize too narrow, temples too short or too long, bridge too narrow or too wide, etc. Full disclosure during the frame selection process can work to minimize or even prevent the possibility of an unhappy Patient and the loss of the Patient's good will and future referrals, or even a remake, or worse, a refund. Unfortunately, there are lots of people who are wearing ill-fitting, uncomplimentary and uncomfortable frames with either too long or too short temples, poorly fitting bridges, or too large or too small eye sizes. It is incumbent on the Dispenser to guide the Patient throughout the entire lens and frame selection process and to give expert counsel when appropriate. Sometimes a plastic bridge, for instance, can be heated and manipulated, or the temples can be lengthened by slightly extending the temple cover to get more length. Or they can be shortened by removing the temple cover, cutting off the appropriate excess, and replacing the temple cover. These make-do efforts can mostly be avoided however, if the Dispenser anticipates the potential for any frame fitting deficiencies, and at least recommends more appropriate alternatives for the Patient to consider at the time of their frame selection. Frame
Measurements
When measuring an eye size using the datum system, an imaginary
line is drawn through the middle of the eyewear both in the
horizontal and vertical planes. The length of the lines correspond
to the horizontal and vertical measurements of the eyewire.
Given a shape such as illustrated above, it is easy to see how
inconsistencies in measurement can result using this system. Horizontal Lens Decentration Example
A In the first example the OC, Optical Center, of the lens is in the same position as the geometric center of each eyewire. No decentration is necessary. Example
B In
this case the GCD is 4 mm wider than the PD, the lenses must
be decentered 2 mm in on each eye. This will position the MRP's
to properly correspond with the PD, Pupillary Distance. Minimum Blank Size and Vertical Decentration
The formula for determining the smallest possible lens blank,
which will work for any given frame and PD combination, is as
follows: Example
1 Example
2: Example
2
These Minimum Blank Sizes are considered to be theoretical for
two reasons:
In this example, since the "B" measurement = 50 mm the datum line is 25 mm from the bottom most portion of the lens. The desired vertical seg position is 22 mm. Subtracting the desired seg height from half the "B" measurement results in : 25 - 22 = 3. Therefore the segment line is decentered 3 mm below the datum line. This would be commonly referred to as seg = “3 below.” If the desired seg height were at 28 mm, the result will be + 3 mm, positioning the seg line 3 mm above the datum line, or “3 above.”
"When
presented with a prescription of higher powers, the Frame Materials Guide
Multi-Colored
Zyl Frame Plastic frames do have some drawbacks. They are easier to break than metal frames, they will burn, but are not easily ignited, and aging and exposure to sunlight slightly decrease their strength but do not affect color. Plastic Zyl Frame
Optyl
Some companies make gold eyewear, typically gold plating rather than solid gold. Like silver, gold can also be used for accenting plastic or metal frames. Metal Frame
Silver
Solid
silver or sterling silver is not commonly used as the primary
frame material because it doesn't make very wearable or comfortable
frames. Silver is sometimes used as a trace element in metal
alloy frames, and is often used as a jewelry-like accent on
plastic frames. Beryllium
Titanium
Frame Not all titanium frames are 100 % titanium. Some are made from an alloy that is a combination of titanium and other metals, such as nickel or copper. In general, titanium alloy frames cost less than 100 % titanium frames. Relatively new to the eyewear market, Ticral is an alloy of titanium, copper and chrome. It is nickel-free and thus hypoallergenic. It's also extremely lightweight and offers many of the features of titanium without the high cost. It can be cut a bit thicker than titanium, which enables it to have the popular look of a thin plastic frame while still offering light weight. The material is also strong, durable and available in a variety of colors. Flexon
Bamboo Wood Frame
Ophthalmic frames may be divided into two broad categories of materials, plastic and metal. As indicated in the diagram above the basic frame styles used today include the full frame, combination frame, half eye, rimless, and semi-rimless. Rimless Semi-Rimless The styles we commonly called rimless are actually semi-rimless designs since there is a bar connecting the endpieces to the bridge. The lenses of a semi-rimless frame may be mounted in several different ways. These include the screw mounting, where a screw is placed through a drilled hole in the lens then attached to the frame. One type of screw-mounted design is called a Numont mounting where each lens is held in place by only one screw. Some lenses are tension mounted where clips attached to the eyewire fit into notches in the lens and are held it in place with tension. Tension mountings are sometimes referred to as Balgrip mountings.
Nylon mounted frames are the most popular semi-rimless design currently used. In this design, a nylon cord attached to the eyewire fits into a groove located around the periphery of the lens. A nylon mounted semi-rimless design is safe, durable, relatively easy to work with and fashionable. Note: It is a common habit for Patients to remove their eyewear with one hand only. Patients should be advised to remove their eyewear with two hands in order to avoid undo pressure on the lenses, endpieces and temples. This is especially true with rimless and semi-rimless mountings. Frame
Selection By Face While
most faces are a combination of shapes and angles, there are
seven basic face shapes: Oval, Oblong, Round, Square, Triangular
base-down, Triangular base-up, and Diamond. Here is a further
description of these face shapes and which types of frames work
for each. By considering these three main aspects and the seven
face shapes that follow, the Dispenser can give Patients valuable
guidance in the selection of their new eyewear.
There are three key elements in the choice of frame colors.
The
best frame color depends on the look the Patient is interested
in creating: The main factors to determine the best color palette are the colors of the skin, eyes, and hair.
A
cool complexion has blue or pink undertones, and a warm complexion
has a "peaches and cream" or yellow cast. Olive skin
is considered cool because it is a mixture of blue and yellow.
In the United States, cool, blue-based, complexions are more
common than the yellow-based, warm, complexions. About 60 %
of the population, are "cools." Examples: Blue eyes can range from a cool, almost-violet, to a pale blue-gray, which is warm. Brown
eyes can vary from a light cider shade, warm, through a medium-brown
to a cool, almost-black. Strawberry blond, platinum, blue-black, white, salt-and-pepper, and "dishwater" brown are cool. Warm hair colors include golden blond, flat black, brown-gold, "carrot" and "dirty" gray. Frame
Colors Once it has been determined the Patient has "warm" or "cool" coloring, find the frame colors that will suit them best. Some examples of frame colors best for warm coloring are: camel, khaki, gold, copper, peach, orange, coral, off-white, fire-engine red, warm blue and blond tortoise. For cool coloring, the best frame hues are black, rose-brown, blue-gray, plum, magenta, pink, jade, blue and demi-amber (darker tortoise). Bridge Selection Guide Selecting the proper bridge size and shape for any given Patient is a crucial part of frame selection both from a cosmetic, and purely practical perspective. Since a “high” bridge such as a keyhole style, tends to accentuate nose length, it should be avoided with longer noses, and recommended with shorter, stubbier noses. The opposite holds true with “lower” bridge designs, such as a saddle bridge.
Patients with especially narrow bridges are generally successful with adjustable nose pads. Very often adjustable pads can be added to a zyl frame, which may increase the selection of wearable frames for the narrow-bridged Patient. Saddle bridges and “comfort” bridges for metal frames are difficult to adjust, therefore care must be taken to insure the fit is suitable, right from the beginning, during the initial frame selection. Note: Full disclosure is important. During the frame selection process, the Patient should always be advised, by the Dispenser, of any critical fitting issues, i.e., too short or too long temples, too narrow bridge, too shallow eye size, if they should select a frame with these adverse fitting qualities. The Patient can then make a more informed selection. Full disclosure can help to avoid recurrent complaints and-or refunds. Frame Selection and Prescription Considerations High
Minus Lenses Other considerations include higher index lens materials and special lens designs such as lenticular and myodisc which are designed to minimize thickness. The various lens coatings should be considered in an effort to enhance the functional as well as cosmetic value of the eyewear.
"You
are fitting a Patient for comfort, Although the Full Discovery and Disclosure Lifestyle Interview and Frame Fitting Techniques are not the only aspects of what we call Ophthalmic Dispensing, today they are much underrated, even subordinated skills. Frame fitting skills can be acquired only through direct, practical experience and must include a) Visual as well as Tactile Hands-on Assessment, b) Gross Frame Alignment, i.e., correcting the most obvious frame and lens misalignments, and c) Subtle Frame-Temple Adjustments, i.e., hand crafted multi-dimensional adjustments that include 'touch and feel' procedures such as reshaping the temple ends to make direct but light contact with the skull and mastoid behind the ears, while simultaneously avoiding any direct contact of the frame components with the pressure-sensitive ears, is one of the single most important considerations for the Patient's long-term comfort and wear-ability. Full but light contact with the skull, NOT THE EARS, along with the bridge of the nose, are the primary means of alignment and support for the frame. See example. "The
most perfect prescription can be compromised if the eyewear Not only is a poorly fitted frame likely to cause discomfort, and inconvenience to the Patient, but in cases of higher lens powers and high astigmatic corrections it can even adversely impact the effectiveness of the prescription, thus creating additional visual problems. And a poorly fit frame will most often result in the Patient broadcasting an undesirable image of Ophthalmic Dispensing, as well. Get the rap on wrap-arounds here. See advisory on frame selection here. "It
is how well the eyewear makes contact with the
THE DYNAMIC DUO A well-fit frame will come into physical contact with the wearer at only three points, namely the bridge of the nose, and on each side of the head including behind each ear. These three points form a triangle known as the fitting triangle, as illustrated above. The temples should not touch the side of the head before reaching the ears. Should this occur, it creates a constant tendency for the eyewear to slip forward and down resulting in an unacceptable displacement of the lenses, and unwanted pressure on the Patient's nose and behind the ears, often causing soreness. Also, great care must be taken to ensure the temple ends-tips do not touch the sensitive cartilage behind the ear. The frame is held steadfastly as the result of slight and caressing pressure on the side of the head behind each ear. The temple ends should be crafted to follow the contours of the mastoid complex. See example. When executed properly, this procedure creates a multi-dimensional and pleasant pressure balance both at a right angle to the skull and at right angles to the ears, resulting in a skull conforming and very comfortable, 'like-a-glove' fit that completely matches the uneven surface of just about everybody's skull. To the inexperienced Dispenser the results can look severe (see example) but it all blends in, unseen and unnoticed, when worn by the Patient. This is perhaps the least understood and least applied of any of the Subtle Frame Adjustments, which 'Mature Generation' Opticians are accustomed to providing. Note: When completed, the temple ends may even look crooked, bent and misshapen. But how do the temples fit the Patient? Dispensers are hereby cautioned against making subjective judgments as to frame appearance, especially the temples, following the application of any Subtle Frame Adjustments since the objective is to make the Patient comfortable while wearing the eyewear long term, and not just to satisfy the Dispenser's personal aesthetic sense of the frame, especially for the temples to look straight, squared, and 'pretty' while 'four pointed' on a flat, 'one-dimensional' surface. A PATIENT IS NOT A FLAT SURFACE. Given the numerous anomalies of human facial and skull structure, a 'frame-squared' fitting can be, and in most cases is, the antithesis of Patient comfort. "You are fitting a Patient for comfort, not a flat surface for square or for pretty." An experienced Dispenser is able to 'take charge' of the dispensing process and anticipate adverse visual and fitting issues before the Patient has to endure them, thereby avoiding the necessity and inconvenience of return visits and-or a possible remake(s), or worse, a refund. Touching
and Feeling
After placing the frame on the Patient and making a hands-on assessment in-place, the careful adjustment of the nose piece along with hand crafted sculpting of the temples at all points of contact is extremely important so that any frame contact is made caressingly, i.e., there's no pressure, pinching, rubbing or grabbing. One principle to remember in three-point fitting is, "No touch, no hold", i.e., at any point of the fitting triangle where the bridge and temple ends do not touch the nose and head, there is a reduced ability for the face-head to support the eyewear and thus hold it comfortably in place. Gaps and spaces are obvious when observing poorly fit frames, especially while touching and feeling the frame while it is in-place on the Patient. The idea is to remove ANY gaps or spaces between the Patient's skull and respective points of frame contact. Again, if there's no touch, there's no hold. And the displacement can be so subtle that if there is no direct touching-feeling by the Dispenser while the frame is in-place, on-the-face of the Patient, there's no way to really assess the most subtle points of no-contact.
The complete frame fitting procedure, when it is fully applied, involves three distinct steps, 1) Simultaneous Visual and Tactile Assessment of the frame's contact with the Patient, 2) Gross Frame Alignment, and 3) Subtle Frame Adjustment. Gaps between the frame temples and the skull can be easily felt behind the Patient's ears using the Sense of Touch. When the temple ends are hand crafted and contoured to fit the mastoid complex, they may resemble something akin to a segment of a pretzel, as in the case of a 'wavy' mastoid bone. But when the treated temple-ends are placed on the Patient, even the most radical reshaping becomes invisible to an observer and the resultant fit is extremely comfortable. See photo below. Example
of Old Fashioned
But when worn by the Patient, as shown in the photo above, the temple ends look, feel, and fit like a glove, no space or gaps. This kind of custom fitting utilizes the contact surfaces to their maximum. The removal of the space and gaps however, requires Subtle Frame Adjustments, reshaping, even 'sculpting' of the temples with a bit of artistic skill. The eyewear will now fit only that person for whom it was intended, and provides a truly customized, balanced and comfortable fit. Custom
Frame Fitting The highest level of customized frame fitting, aligning, and sculpting, is achieved mostly with handcrafting skill and the trained eye, along with the aid of hand tools. A successful multi-dimensional frame alignment and fitting can be achieved only when the Optician 1) visually assesses the eyewear in-place, on the face of the Patient, and 2) uses the sense of touch simultaneously to determine any anomalies between the frame's temples and the Patient's skull. In most cases, the Dispenser cannot remain seated. That is to say, the Optician must get up, and get close to the face of the Patient, otherwise neither a proper evaluation or fitting can occur. In other words, the Optician must stand and lean over the seated Patient in order to make the required observations at different angles to the front and rear of the Patient's head. The fitting-adjustment procedure itself also requires the removal and re-placement of the eyewear directly on the Patient as many times as necessary to complete, and the entire evaluation and fitting process requires sufficient time to execute properly, i.e., it should not be rushed. See more Hands-on Fitting details here. Gross Frame Alignment
Do
this: Bring the temples out at the end piece and bend the temples
in toward the skull and behind the ear line if necessary. Do
this: Bring the temples in at the end piece and remove the bowing
if necessary. The Gross Frame Alignment, being the most obvious, begins even before placement of the frame on the Patient with the squaring of the 'x' frame axis or plane, as illustrated here, followed by the Hands-on Assessment, on the patient, of the nosepiece-bridge, then continues on to the squaring of the 'y' and 'z' planes, and ends with the reshaping of the temples. Conventional
coordinates for optical system analysis:
Frame
Tilt
Commonly Required Gross Frame Alignment
The list above may be partially summarized by the following: “in with in; out with out; up with up; down with down.” Which means if a lens too far in, bend the temple or endpiece in to bring it farther out; if one lens is too far up, bend the temple or endpiece up to lower that side, and so on. Manipulating the frame tilt has the effect of bringing the frame either farther away or closer to the cheeks and eyebrows. Manipulating the face form will also effect the distance the frame lies from the cheeks. The entire frame front may be lowered or raised by widening or narrowing the bridge, and as previously mentioned, this is most easily accomplished with adjustable nose pads. See Common Complaints and Causes. Subtle Frame Adjustment The Subtle Frame Adjustment, (see example) is considered to be a more advanced and sophisticated aspect of dispensing procedure, i.e., it is multi-dimensional, with most attention given to hand-crafting detail, along with sufficient time and patience to accomplish. It can be demonstrated only by hands-on-direct instruction, and it can be successfully applied only by direct experience. Therefore, this subject cannot be fully addressed within the confines of this Course. A workshop setting, whereby the proper tools and materials are available to the participants, is the most practical venue for the best results. For instance, Subtle Frame Adjustment involves the conscious, and somewhat artistic hand crafting or contouring-sculpting of the temples to the Patients skull whereby any space or gaps between the skull and temples are removed. (See photo.) This is the most sophisticated aspect of hands-on frame fitting and requires some level of artistic skill. It is the least known and thereby the least practiced, even by many senior generation Opticians. The resultant effects are the least visible but most comfortable while being worn in-place by the Patient, yet it is given the least attention by today's Dispensers due to the subtleties involved. It is of great importance, however, in spite of its subtlety, for the Patient's maximum long-term comfort. --
Determine the amount of horizontal decentration for the following:
1. "A" measurement = 54 DBL = 16 PD
= 62 Determine the "theoretical" minimum blank size for each of the following:
5. "A" measurement = 58 DBL = 18 PD
= 68 ED = 60 Calculate vertical decentration of the bifocal segment for the following:
9. "B" Measurement = 52 Seg height = 23 Get the Quick Quiz Answers here.
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"A"
is the Horizontal measurement of a box enclosing the lens area.
Pupillary
gauge
Skull Temples, which are the most commonly used on prescription
spectacles,
bend down behind the ears and follow the contour of the skull,
resting evenly against it; 
Library Temples, which are generally straight and do not bend
down behind the ears, hold the spectacles
on the Patient, primarily by light pressure against the side
of the head; 
Convertible Temples, which can be used either as library or
skull temples depending on the manner in which they are bent;
Riding Bow Temples, which curve around the ear and extend to
the level of the ear lobe. They are often used mostly on children’s,
athletic, and industrial safety frames; 
Comfort Cable Temples, which are similar to the riding bow but
are constructed from a coiled, metal, flexible cable.
Oval-Normal
Face - Most shapes will be suitable. The oval face is considered
to be the ideal shape because of its balanced proportions. To
keep the oval's natural balance, look for ophthalmic frames
that are as wide as (or wider than) the broadest part of the
face, or walnut-shaped frames that are not too deep or too narrow.
Round-Wide
Face - Relatively narrow frame preferably with a high temple
attachment. Round faces look good with angular narrow frames
that lengthen the face. A round face has curvilinear lines with
the width and length in the same proportions and no angles.
To make the face appear thinner and longer, try angular narrow
frames to lengthen the face, a clear bridge that widens the
eyes and frames that are wider than they are deep, such as a
rectangular shape.
Square-Wide
Face - Same criteria as round face. Needs frame that softens
the face angles, such as narrow ovals. A square face has a strong
jaw line and a broad forehead, plus the width and length are
in the same proportions. To make the square face look longer
and soften the angles, try narrow frame styles, frames that
have more width than depth, and narrow ovals.
Triangular-Inverted
Base-Up (Heart) Face - Lighter looking frame is recommended
such as metal or rimless or lighter colors in zyl. Faces in
the shape of a base-up triangle need frames that are wider at
the bottom, with very light colors. Rimless frames and semi-rimless
frames are also good choices. This face has a very wide top
third and small bottom third. To minimize the width of the top
of the face, try frames that are wider at the bottom, very light
colors and materials, and rimless frame styles, which have a
light, airy effect since the lenses are simply held in place
at the temples with screws.
Triangular-Erect
Base-Down Face - Width of frame should approximately equal lower
widest part of facial area. Darker colors work well. Faces in
the shape of a base down triangle look great with eyeglasses,
which have color accents, details on the top half of the frame,
or cat eye shapes. The triangular base-down face has a narrow
forehead that widens at the cheek and chin areas. To add width
and emphasize the narrow upper third of the face, try frames
that are heavily accented with color and detailing on the top
half or cat-eye shapes.
Diamond
Shaped Face - Looks well with frames that have detailing or
distinctive brow lines. Diamond-shaped faces are narrow at the
eye line and jaw line, and cheekbones are often high and dramatic.
This is the rarest face shape. To highlight the eyes and bring
out the cheekbones, try frames that have detailing or distinctive
brow lines, or try rimless frames, or oval and cat-eye shapes.
